Incremental Decision Model

The incremental decision model emphasizes the structured sequence of activities leading to the solution to a problem. Major decisions are broken down in small steps taking place in three major phases: the identification, development, & selection phases.

An incrememental Decision Making Process begins with the identification phase. The decision or problem is recognized and a diagnosis is made. During the development phase, a search is made for solutions which exist and are tried and provien. If nothing can be found, a design is created for a potential custom solution.

During the selection phase, which follows, evaluation of the Alternatives occurs. This may be by individual or by Group Decision Making.

When the decision is made by individual, it is made by choice after some analysis of the alternatives. If the decision is made by group, there may be an evaluation process and then bargaining for the best alternative. The selection process concludes with authorization of the decision.

This method is very common in Information Technology projects, as well as in development of products. In contrast to the Carnegie Decision Model, the problem identification phase is emphasized, and problem solution formulation is emphasized in the Incremental Decision Model.

In the case of uncertainty, the two models have strengths in the opposite areas. Carnegie Decision Model is stronger when problem identification is uncertain and political and social process is required. A coalition can be built, agreement sought, and conflicts resolved around the goals and decision priorities.

When the problem solution is uncertain, the Incremental Decision Model is stronger. Incremental trial-and-error process is needed to solve a big problem in small steps. When roadblocks are hit, decision making can recycle back to the last known good state.

Incremental decision making is also called decision staggering. Make incremental decisions to achieve an objective and avoid total commitment to a decision you cannot change if the stakes are high and the situation allows.